US 7,320,851 B2
Toner particles and methods of preparing the same
Ke Zhou, Mississauga (Canada); Enno Eric Agur, Toronto (Canada); Wafa Faisul Bashir, Mississauga (Canada); Maria N. V. McDougall, Burlington (Canada); Emily Louise Moore, Mississauga (Canada); Shigang Steven Qiu, Toronto (Canada); Vladislav Skorokhod, Mississauga (Canada); Daryl W. Vanbesien, Burlington (Canada); Edward Graham Zwartz, Mississauga (Canada); Joseph August Bartel, Dublin, Calif. (US); Patricia Ann Burns, Milton (Canada); T. Brian McAneney, Burlington (Canada); Richard P. N. Veregin, Mississauga (Canada); and Paul Joseph Gerroir, Oakville (Canada)
Assigned to Xerox Corporation, Norwalk, Conn. (US)
Filed on Jan. 13, 2005, as Appl. No. 11/34,111.
Prior Publication US 2006/0154162 A1, Jul. 13, 2006
Int. Cl. G03G 9/08 (2006.01); G03G 9/087 (2006.01)
U.S. Cl. 430—110.2  [430/137.14; 430/137.2] 25 Claims
 
1. A toner composition comprising toner particles formed by an emulsion aggregation process, wherein the emulsion aggregation process comprises:
(i) providing one or more aqueous dispersions, the aqueous dispersions comprising particles including particles of one or more resins;
(ii) mixing the aqueous dispersions in presence of a coagulant;
(iii) adding one or more wax emulsions to the aqueous dispersions;
(iv) aggregating to form aggregated particles;
(v) adding one or more aqueous dispersions, which comprise particles including particles of one or more resins, to form toner size particles;
(vi) coalescing the toner size particles to form fused particles; and
(vii) removing the fused particles from the aqueous dispersion;
wherein said adding one or more wax emulsions is performed after said mixing;
the fused particles have an average particle diameter of from about 1 to about 15 microns, with a particle geometric size distribution of less than about 1.3; and
wherein the waxes are excluded from an interior core of the toner particles.