US 12,168,220 B2
Materials comprising carbon-embedded iron nanoparticles, processes for their manufacture, and use as heterogeneous catalysts
Arne Reinsdorf, Darmstadt (DE); Dorit Wolf, Oberursel (DE); Renat Kadyrov, Frankfurt (DE); and Sarah Chamski, Freigericht (DE)
Assigned to Evonik Operations GmbH, Essen (DE)
Appl. No. 17/640,211
Filed by EVONIK OPERATIONS GMBH, Essen (DE)
PCT Filed Sep. 3, 2020, PCT No. PCT/EP2020/074527
§ 371(c)(1), (2) Date Mar. 3, 2022,
PCT Pub. No. WO2021/043861, PCT Pub. Date Mar. 11, 2021.
Claims priority of application No. 19195501 (EP), filed on Sep. 5, 2019.
Prior Publication US 2022/0323941 A1, Oct. 13, 2022
Int. Cl. B01J 23/745 (2006.01); B01J 21/18 (2006.01); B01J 35/23 (2024.01); B01J 35/30 (2024.01); B01J 37/00 (2006.01); B01J 37/04 (2006.01); B01J 37/08 (2006.01); C07C 29/145 (2006.01); C07C 67/303 (2006.01); C07C 209/48 (2006.01); C07C 209/52 (2006.01); C10G 2/00 (2006.01)
CPC B01J 23/745 (2013.01) [B01J 21/18 (2013.01); B01J 35/23 (2024.01); B01J 35/393 (2024.01); B01J 35/394 (2024.01); B01J 37/0072 (2013.01); B01J 37/04 (2013.01); B01J 37/084 (2013.01); B01J 37/086 (2013.01); C07C 29/145 (2013.01); C07C 67/303 (2013.01); C07C 209/48 (2013.01); C07C 209/52 (2013.01); C10G 2/332 (2013.01); C10G 2/50 (2013.01); C10G 2400/20 (2013.01); C10G 2400/22 (2013.01)] 20 Claims
 
1. Catalytically active material, comprising grains of non-graphitizing carbon with iron nanoparticles dispersed therein, wherein:
dp, the average diameter of iron nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm;
D, the average distance between iron nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 2 nm to 150 nm; and
ω, the combined total mass fraction of metal in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 30 wt % to 70 wt % of the total mass of the non-graphitizing carbon grains;
wherein dp and D are measured by TGZ-TEM, and dp, D and ω conform to the following relation: 4.5 dp/ω>D≥0.25 dp/ω.